Biacore T200
by Biacore/GE/Cytiva - surface plasmon resonance instrument for measuring kinetics and binding affinities.
- 'Label-free' measurement of kon, koff and Kd.
- Four-channel flow-cell format for pure samples.
- Sensitivity down to 150 Da.
- Throughput up to 384-well plate.
iTC200
by Microcal/GE/Malvern - isothermal titration calorimeter for measuring binding affinities and other thermodynamic parameters.
- 'Label-free' measurement of Kd, stoichiometry, ΔH, ΔS and ΔCp.
- Low volume (200 μL cell).
- (Higher-volume VP-ITC instrument also available.)
Octet Red96
by FortéBio/Sartorius - biolayer interferometry instrument for measuring kinetics and binding affinities.
- 'Label-free' measurement of kon, koff and Kd.
- Eight detectors in well format for pure and crude samples.
- Sensitivity down to 350 Da.
- Throughput up to 96-well plate.
- Wide choice of pre-immobilised sensors for antibody work.
Refeyn TwoMP
by Refeyn - mass photometry instrument for mass measurement of single molecules in solution by interferometric scattering (iSCAT).
- 'Label-free', native state measurement of mass in solution.
- Mass range 30 kDa - 5 MDa.
- ~60 second measurement, six separate samples per coverslip.
- Sample concentration 10 pM - 1 μM.
- Typically 18 μL buffer + 2 μL sample per measurement.
AUC XL-I
by Beckman - analytical ultracentrifuge for measuring molecular weight, shape and binding affinities.
- 'Label-free' measurement of sedimentation coefficients, mass, shape and Kd in velocity or equilibrium modes.
- Detection by absorbance (UV and visible) and/or interference.
- Interactions across a wide affinity range.
- Reliable assessment of oligomeric state, composition of complexes, low-level aggregates.
SEC-MALS
by Wyatt - chromatography system with light scattering for size determination.
- 'Label-free' measurement of molar mass and size.
- ÄKTA Purifier chromatography system for separation of solutes (Superdex 75 or 200 10/300 Increase columns available).
- Detection by multi-angle light scattering (MALS; 8 detector DAWN-HELEOS II) and differential refractive index (dRI; Optilabs TrEX).
- Reliable assessment of oligomeric state and composition of SEC-stable complexes.
Aviv 410 CD
by Aviv - circular dichroism instrument for measuring structure and stability.
- UV and visible range (170 - 875 nm).
- Secondary (α, β), tertiary and higher-order structure.
- Cuvette format.
- Thermal melting (to 95 °C).
CFX Connect DSF/Thermal Shift
by BioRad - RT-PCR for screening thermal stability.
- Fluorescence detection (SYPROTM Orange extrinsic probe).
- Ligand binding.
- Optimisation of buffer conditions.
- 96-well plate format.
SX19 Stopped-Flow
by Applied Photophysics - stopped-flow instrument for measurement of very fast kinetics.
- Detection by UV absorbance (monochomator or photodiode array) or fluorescence (including polarimeter).
- Double/sequential mixing.
Zetasizer Nano S DLS (Size-only model, no Zeta)
by Malvern - dynamic light scattering instrument for measuring hydrodynamic diameter.
- 'Label-free'.
- Cuvette format (≥ 40 μL).
- Polydispersity.
- Sensitive to low-level aggregates.
- NB: no zeta-potential module.
